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For the weather, it's quite rainy at this time of the year so you might wanna bring a jacket just in case. The temperature should be fairly hot during day and gets much cooler during evening. If you plan to go outside bring some warm clothes.
Also you shouldn't have much problems speaking in English as long as your on the island, if you go on the shores than you're on your one, although if you ask something to a French person "Merci", "s'il-vous-plait" can make them like you a little bit more. So yeah French nationalism isn't really strong on the island as it is on the shores.
As for a shelter, I personally don't really know places but aim for something not too cheap (many prostitutes and drugs addict in the city) and find a neighbourhood know for not having these problems.